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Home » Chemistry Homework Help » Organic Chemistsry » Chemical Reaction Rate
Chemical Reaction Rate
The rate of a chemical reaction is the speed or velocity with which a reaction takes place. It can be expressed qualitatively as well as quantitatively.
   
Qualitative rate: the qualitative rate is based on based on certain visual parameters like disappearance of reactants, colour change, effervescence etc. the rate expressed as such provides arbitrary conclusions about the rate of a equation.
   
Quantitative rate: the quantitative rate of a chemical reaction provides us with much better information about the rate and accurate rate of a reaction.

Quantitatively, the rate of chemical reaction may be expressed in any of the following ways:
   
The rate of decrease in concentration of any of the reactant, or
   
The rate of increase in concentration of any one fo the product.

For example, for a hypothetical reaction, assuming that the volume of the system remains constant.
                                                        
R P

One mole of the reactant R produces one mode of the product P. If [R1] and [P1] are the concentrations of R and P respectively at time t1 and [R]2 and [P]2 are their concentrations at time t2 then,
                                                    
Δt = t2 – t1
                                                
Δ[R] = [R]2 – [R]1
                                                
Δ[P] = [P]2 = [P]1

The square brackets in the above expressions are used to express molar concentration.
                               
= (decrease in concentration of R)/(Time taken) = Δ[R]/Δt
                               
= (increase in concentration of P)/(time taken) = Δ[P]/Δt

While writing the expression for a rate we use a negative sign in the expression for expressing rate in terms of reactants.

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Activation Energy Average Rate Determination Rate Equation Value Reactions Collision Theory Reactions Temperature Effect Half Life Of Reaction Integrated Rate Equation Rate Equation Expression Reaction Mechanism Pseudo First Order Reaction Rate Equation Law Chemical Reaction Rate Additional Compounds Co-ordination Compounds Coordination Compounds Bonding Coordination Compounds Colors Octahedral Complex Splitting Tetrahedral Complex Splitting Stabilization Energy Crystal Field Theory Stability Affecting Factors Isomerism In Compounds Magnetic Properties Metal Carbonyls D-orbitals Orientation Mononuclear Compounds Naming Coordination Compounds Stability Terminology Compounds Werner Theory First Row Transition Elements Elements Electric Configuration F-block Elements Halides And Sulphides Metals-Oxides, Oxoanions Potassium Dichromate Potassium Permanganate The Actinoids The Lanthanoids Cell Potential Concentration Cells Electrolytic Solution Conductance Corrosion Gibbs Energy Electrochemical Series Rusting Electrochemical Theory Electrode Potential Electrolytic Cells Fuel Cells Galvanic Cells Electrode Potential Measurement Nerst Equation Corrosion Prevention Primary Cells Redox Reactions Salt Bridge Secondary Cells Standard Hydrogen Electrode Electrodes Types Steel Production Process Metals Extraction Metallurgy Principles Conduction In Insulators Conduction In Metals Density Of Unit Cell Solids-Electrical Properties Solids-Magnetic Properties Non Stoichiometric Defects Stoichiometric Defects Azeotropes Solutions-Colligative Properties Degree Of Association Degree Of Dissociation Depression In Freezing Point Elevation In Boiling Point Henry Law Constant Ideal Solutions Isotonic, Hypotonic Solutions Osmotic Pressure-Molar Mass Non Ideal Solutions Osmosis Solid In Liquid Solution Vapour Pressure Lowering Solubility Of Gases Solids In Liquids Solubility Types Of Solutions Liquid Solutions Pressure Adsorption Adsorption-Gases On Solids Adsorption From Solution Adsorption Applications Catalysis Chemical Adsorption Colloidal Solutions Coagulation Colloidal State Adsorption, Absorption Difference Emulsions Enzyme Catalysis Gels Heterogeneous Catalysis Homogeneous Catalysis Physical Adsorption Colloidal Solution Purification Group 15 Elements Group 16 Elements Dioxygen Chemical Reactions Dinitrogen Dioxygen The Oxygen Family Halides And Oxides Hydrogen Chloride Interhalogen Compounds Halogens Oxoacids Phosphorus Trichloride Nitric Acid Properties The Noble Gases Alcohols And Phenols C-O Bond Cleavage Phenol Preparation Ethers Alcohols General Preparation Alcohols Industrial Preparation Nomenclature Alcohols Physical Properties Phenols Preparation Phenolic Group Reactions Alkyl Group Reactions Some Commercial Alcohols Chemicals In Food Cleansing Action Of Soaps Drug Target Interaction Drugs And Medicines Non-Soapy Detergents Soaps Types Of Drugs Haloalkanes Chemical Properties Halides, Aryl Halides Haloalkanes And Halorenes Nucleophilic Substitution Halides Nomenclature Haloalkanes Physical Properties Haloarenes Physical Properties Polyhalogen Compounds Haloalkanes From Alcohols Haloalkanes From Hydrocarbons Cannizzaro Reaction Carboxylic Acid Preparation Of Acids Oxidation In Aldehydes Aldehydes, Ketones Properties Carboxylic Acid Properties Aldehydes, Ketones Preparation -COOH Group Reactions -OH Group Replacement Aldehydes, Ketones Reduction Carbonyl Oxygen Atom Commercial Carbonyl Compounds Commercial Carboxylic Acids Amines Amines Character Amines Chemical Properties Cyanides, Isocyanides Diazonium Salts Amines Types Aliphatic Amines Nomenclature Ortho Effect Amines Physical Properties Preparation Of Amines Diazonium Salts Properties Amines With Nitrous Acid Amines With Aldehydes Amines-Structure Basicity Biodegradable Polymers Polymerization Mode Polymers-Molecular Forces Polymers-Molecular Mass Natural, Synthetic Polymers Natural Rubber Polymers Condensation Polymers Polydienes Preparation Polyhallolefins Preparation Structure Based Polymers Synthetic Rubber